1/f Flicker Noise
Flicker noise: S_i(f) = K_f · I^α / f. Noise spectral density falls as 1/f.
1/f Noise (rms)
6.4379e-11 A
Shot Noise in Band (rms)
5.6607e-10 A
Total (rms)
5.6972e-10 A
1/f–Shot Corner
9.3623e+2 Hz
σ_1/f = √(K_f · I^α · ln(f_high/f_low)) — the same noise in every decade
f_c = K_f · I^α / (2qI) — where the 1/f density meets the shot noise of I
σ_shot = √(2qI · (f_high − f_low)), σ_total = √(σ_1/f² + σ_shot²)
Model and references
Textbook approximation. A standard approximation from the literature (for example paraxial, plane-wave or Gaussian-beam), valid within the range the page states. About the tiers
Empirical K_f·I^α/f density (the SPICE KF/AF form) between sharp band edges, with the corner against the shot noise 2q·I. K_f and α are device fits, not predictions. Defaults use the Hooge form (α = 2, K_f = α_H/N, dimensionless), which puts the corner near 940 Hz at 1 µA; α = 1 is the SPICE AF = 1 form.
- Hooge F. N. (1969). 1/f noise is no surface effect. Phys. Lett. A 29, 139. Empirical 1/f current noise S_I/I² = α_H/(N·f). doi:10.1016/0375-9601(69)90076-0
- Schottky W. (1918). Über spontane Stromschwankungen in verschiedenen Elektrizitätsleitern. Ann. Phys. 362, 541. Shot noise of a current carried by discrete charges. doi:10.1002/andp.19183622304